9th Century (800-899) C.E.

800:

The Aghlabid rule is established in North Africa.

803:

Downfall of the Barmakids. Execution of Jafar Barmki.

805:

Campaigns against the Byzantines. Capture of the islands of Rhodes and Cypress.

809:

Death of Harun ur Rashid. Accession of Amin.

814:

Civil war between Amin and Mamun. Amin killed and Mamun becomes the Caliph.

815:

Shia revolt under Ibn Tuba Tabs.

816:

Shia revolt in Makkah; Harsama quells the revolt. In Spain the Umayyads capture the island of Corsica.

817:

Harsama killed.

818:

The Umayyads of Spain capture the islands of Izira, Majorica, and Sardinia.

819:

Mamun comes to Baghdad.

820:

Tahir establishes the rule of the Tahirids in Khurasan.

822:

Death of Al Hakam in Spain; accession of Abdul Rahman. II.

823:

Death of Tahir in Khurasan. Accession of Talha and his deposition. Accession of Abdullah b Tahir.

827:

Mamun declares the Mutazila creed as the state religion.

833:

Death of Mamun. Accession of Mutasim.

836:

Mutasim shifts the capital to Samarra.

837:

Revolt of the Jats.

838:

Revolt of Babek in Azarbaijan suppressed.

839:

Revolt of Maziar in Tabaristan. The Muslims occupy South Italy. Capture of the city of Messina in Sicily.

842:

Death of Mutasim, accession of Wasiq.

843:

Revolts of the Arabs.

847:

Death of Wasiq, accession of Mutawakkil.

850:

Mutawakkil restores orthodoxy.

849:

Death of the Tahirid ruler Abdullah b Tahir; accession of Tahir II.

852:

Death of Abdur Rahman II of Spain;. accession of Muhammad I.

856:

Umar b Abdul Aziz founds the Habbarid rule in Sind.

858:

Mutawakkil founds the town of Jafariya.

860:

Ahmad founds the Samanid rule in Transoxiana.

861:

Murder of the Abbasid Caliph Mutawakkil; accession of Muntasir.

862:

Muntasir poisoned to death; accession of Mutasin.

864:

Zaidi state established in Tabaristan by Hasan b Zaid.

866:

Mutasim flies from Samarra, his depostion and accession of Mutaaz.

867:

Yaqub b Layth founds the Saffarid rule in Sistan.

868:

Ahmad b Tulun founds the Tulunid rule in Egypt.

869:

The Abbasid Caliph Mutaaz forced to abdicate, his death and accession of Muhtadi.

870:

Turks revolt against Muhtadi, his death and accession of Mutamid.

873:

Tahirid rule extinguished.

874:

Zanj revolt in South Iraq. Death of the Samanid ruler Ahmad, accession of Nasr.

877:

Death of Yaqubb Layth in Sistan, accession of Amr b Layth.

885:

Death of Ahmad b Tulun in Egypt, accession of Khamar- wiyiah.

866:

Death of Muhammad I the Umayyad ruler of Spain, accession of Munzir. Death of Abdullah b Umar the Habbari ruler of Sind.

888:

Death of Munzir the Umayyad ruler of Spain, accession of Abbullah.

891:

The Qarmatian state established at Bahrain.

892:

Death of the Samanid ruler Nasr, accession of Ismail.

894:

The Rustamids become the vassals of Spain.

896:

Death of the Tulunid ruler Khamarwiyiah; accession of Abul Asakir Jaish.

897:

Assassination of Abul Asakir Jaish; accession of Abu Musa Harun.

898:

Qarmatians sack Basra.